Posts Tagged ‘Currency Markets’

What Are The Order Types Used By Forex Traders?

During the last decade, Forex trading has become one of the most attractive business opportunities to ever hit people’s interest around the world. Every day people from many walks in life is actively considering entering the profitable world of the currency markets due to its accessibility and trading characteristics.

One of the first things you will do once you decide you want to enter and learn about the forex markets will be to choose your forex broker and then download the free trading platform software from your broker website.

When you first open your trading station software, you will find that there are a number of ways to enter the market or, said in another way, there are a number of ways to place an initial order to buy or sell any currency pair.

One of these types of orders is what is called a Market order; this is an order to buy or sell a currency pair at the market price considering the instant that the order is received and processed (which is usually within seconds of hitting the “OK” button on your trading platform). When a market order is placed, you are simply saying “I’ll buy or sell the currency pair at whatever price it is at when my order gets processed.”

There is a different way to enter the market that is called an Entry order; this is an order to buy or sell a currency pair when it reaches a certain price target; which you should determine by using your knowledge of technical and fundamental indicators. In theory this can be any price. You could set an entry order for the low price of a time period, or the high price of the same time period’; it all depends on your intentions, to sell or to buy. As an example, one usual recommendation is that you should always set an entry order to be the same price as the ‘open price of the time period. When you place an entry order to buy, for example, you are simply saying “I want to buy this currency pair at a given future price and if it never reaches that price, I won’t purchase the pair.”

Stop and Limit orders are two different ways to exit a trade, automatically (i.e., without closing out your position via the click of your mouse or manually), after the trade is entered. And they are widely used as safety locks so you won’t end losing everything in a bad trade. In short, you must always use stops and limits when trading the forex markets.

A stop order is used to stop losses. A limit order (recommended if you can’t monitor your open trade) is used to redeem profits. Where these orders are placed, in relation to your open trade, depends on the direction of the entry order, this is; if you buy or sell.

Remember; a stop order is always placed below the current market value of that currency pair when you are in a long (buy) trade. And a limit order is always placed above the current market value of that currency pair when you are in a long (buy) trade.

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The Benefits of Trading The Forex Market

Historically, the FX market was available most to major banks, multinational corporations and other participants who traded in large transaction sizes and volumes. Small-scale traders including individuals like you and I, had little access to this market for such a long time. Now with the advent of the Internet and technology, FX trading is becoming an increasingly popular investment alternative for the general public.

The benefits of trading the currency market:

It is open 24-hours and it closes only on the weekends;

It is very liquid and efficient;

It is very volatile;

It has very low transaction costs;

You can use a high level of leverage (borrowed money) with ease; and

You can profit from a bull or a bear market.

Continuous, 24-Hour Trading

The currency exchange is a 24-hour market. You may decide to trade after you come home from work. Regardless of what time-frame you want to trade at whatever time of the day, there would be enough buyers and sellers to take the other side of your trade. This feature of the market gives you enough flexibility to manage your trading around your daily routine.

Liquidity And Efficiency

When there are a lot of buyers and a lot of sellers, you can expect to buy or sell at a price that is very close to the last market price. The currency market is the most liquid market in the world. Trading volume in the currency markets can be between 50 and 100 times larger than the New York Stock Exchange (Source: Oanda.)

When you are trading stocks, you may have experienced events where one piece of news accelerates or decelerates the price of the underlying stock you may have bought into. Perhaps a director has been kicked out by the shareholders of a company or the company has just released a new product and big investors are buying the shares of a particular company. Share prices can be drastically affected by the actions or inactions of one or a few individuals. So if you are relying on television reports and newspapers to get your news, most of the opportunities or warnings will have come too late for you to take advantage by the time you get them.

The value of currencies on the other hand is affected by so many factors and so many participants that the likelihood of any one individual or group of individuals drastically affecting the value of a currency is minute. Because of its sheer size, the currency market is hard to manipulate. The ability for people to engage in insider trading’ is virtually eliminated. As an average trader, you are less disadvantaged. You are likely to be playing on relatively equal ground along with all the other traders and investors whom you are competing against.

Note about price gaps:

For those people who have already traded other markets, you probably know about price gaps’. Gaps’ occur when prices jump’ from one price level to another without having taken any incremental steps to get there. For example, you may be trading a share that closes at $10 at the end of today but due to some event that happens overnight; it opens tomorrow at $5 and continues to go downwards for the rest of the day.

Gaps bring about another degree of uncertainty that may meddle with a trader’s strategy. Probably one of the most worrying aspects of this is when a trader uses stop-losses. In this case, if a trader puts a stop-loss at $7 because he no longer wants to be in a trade if the share price hits $7, his trade will remain open overnight and the trader wakes up tomorrow with a loss bigger than he may have been prepared for.

After looking at a couple of forex charts, you will realize that there are little price gaps’ or none at all, especially on the longer-term charts like the 3-hour, 4-hour or the daily charts.

Volatility

Trading opportunities exist when prices fluctuate. If you buy a share for $2 and it stays there, there is no opportunity to make a profit. The magnitude of level of this fluctuation and its frequency is referred to as volatility. As a trader, it is volatility that you profit from. Large volume transactions and high liquidity combined with fewer trading instruments generate greater intra-day volatility in the currency market that can be exploited by day-traders. The high volatility of the currency market indicates that a trader can potentially earn 5 times more money from currency trading than trading the most liquid shares.

Volatility is a measure of maximum return that a trader can generate with perfect foresight. Volatility for the most liquid stocks are between 60 to 100. Volatility for currency trading is 500. (Source: Oanda.)

In this respect, currencies make a better trading vehicle for day-traders than the equity markets.

Low Transaction Costs

A currency transaction typically incurs no commission or transaction fees. For a forex trader, the spread is the only cost he or she needs to cover in taking on a position. In addition, because of the currency market’s efficiency, there is little or no slippage’ costs.

Slippage’ is the cost involved when traders enter the market at a price worse than the level they wanted to get into. For example, a trader wants to buy a share at $2.00 but by the time, the order gets executed, his gets to buy the shares at $2.50. That fifty cents difference is his slippage cost. Slippage cost affects large-volume traders a lot. When they buy large quantities of a commodity, it oversupplies the market with buy orders. This applies a pressure for the price to go up. By the time they get to buy all the quantities they wanted, the average price they got their commodities would be higher than the price they intended to get them for. Conversely, when they sell large quantities of a commodity, they oversupply the market with sell orders. This applies a pressure for the price to go down. By the time they finish selling all their commodities, their average selling price is less than what they initially intended to sell them for.

Due to lower transaction costs, minimum slippage and strong intra-day volatility, individuals can trade frequently at small costs. As an approximate, you may only expect to have a spread of 0.03% of your position size. To give you an example, you can buy and sell 10,000 US Dollars and this will only incur a 3-point spread, equivalent to $3.

Leverage

There are not a lot of banks or people who would lend you money so that you can use it to trade shares. And if there are, it would be very hard for you to convince them to invest in you and in your idea that a certain share is going to go up or down. Therefore, most of the time, if you have a $10,000 account, you can only really afford to buy $10,000 worth of stocks.

In currency trading however, because you use borrowed money’, you can trade $10,000 of a currency and you only need anywhere between fifty (For a margin lending ratio of 200:1) to two hundred dollars ( For a margin lending ratio of 50:1) in your trading account. This makes it possible for an average trader with a small trading account, under $10,000 to be able to profit sufficiently from the movements of the currency exchange rates. This concept is explained further in The Part-Time Currency Trader.

Profit From A Bull And Bear Market

When you are trading shares, you can only profit when the price of a stock goes up. When you suspect that it is about to go down or that it is just going to be moving sideways, then the only thing you can do is sell your shares and stand aside. One of the frustrations of trading shares is that an individual cannot profit when prices are going down. In the currency market, it is easy for you to trade a currency downward so that you can profit when you think it is going to lose value. This is easy to do because currency trading simply involves buying one currency and selling another, there is no structural bias that makes it difficult to trade downwards’. This is why the currency market has been occasionally referred to as the eternal bull market.

This is an excerpt, modified from the book: The Part-Time Currency Trader .

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Learn Forex Trading Online Tips

Forex trading, often called “FX,” is the practice of trading currencies for profit. A forex trader buys one currency and simultaneously sells another, hoping to realize a profit from any variance in valuation between the two currencies. Because currencies are the largest market in the world, there are many opportunities to profit. So, how do you learn to trade currencies? Fortunately, there are many excellent free resources that can help you learn forex trading online.

Learning To Trade Currencies Online

In the past, if you wanted to trade currencies, you were forced to buy expensive courses, attend high-priced seminars that often required traveling to other states and purchasing cost-prohibitive computer programs that allowed you to tap into the trading activities of more experienced traders.

Today, all of that has changed. You can learn forex trading from the comfort of your home without spending outrageous amounts of money on courses and seminars. There are several resources online that will not only teach you the fundamentals of trading currencies, but will share basic, intermediate and advanced strategies of trading while showing graphical examples of such strategies to ensure clarity. Further, this information is often offered free.

Watching Other Forex Traders

Many websites that offer free tips and even entire courses on forex trading principles and techniques are run by experienced currency traders. These are men and women who often have years of trading experience and can offer their insights regarding the best forex trading techniques to use in various markets. Some of these experienced traders even conduct free online workshops which allow you to virtually look over their shoulder and watch as they trade in particular markets. Watching these advanced traders is one of the best ways to learn real trading techniques that work in today’s currency markets.

Preparing To Trade Currencies Live

Learning in a classroom setting is not the same as conducting live trades. Once you learn the basics of forex trading strategy, you should prepare to do a few live trades. After watching over the shoulders of experienced traders, you should have a good feel of what to expect. Part of learning how to trade currencies involves knowing what signals to watch for in your particular market and staying on top of those signals. If you know these things, you are likely ready to trade forex live.

How To Get Started Trading Forex Online

You only need a few things to begin conducting live currency trades. First, you obviously need a computer with access to the Internet. Second, you need access to an information source that can provide you with real-time signals so you can keep on top of your market. Third, you need a small amount of cash to begin trading. Lastly, you need calm nerves. Though forex trading is potentially very profitable, some people do lose money.

Once you have decided to learn forex trading online, you need to begin learning the basic strategies of trading currencies. After you have mastered the basics, begin learning some of the advanced techniques of forex trading. You can often access this type of information for free online along with clear examples that will help you understand the currency markets. Remember, although there is a high potential for profit, there are significant risks to trading currencies.

Try to learn from the best traders in the world by attending online forex trading workshops. After doing the above, you will likely be ready to start making your first few trades live.

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Forex Currency Trading Explained

FOREX MARKET HOURS
At 7:00 pm Sunday, New York time, trading begins as markets open in Tokyo, Japan. Next, Singapore and Hong Kong open at 9:00 pm EST, followed by the European markets in Frankfurt (2:00 am), and then London (3:00 am). By 4:00 am, the European markets are in full swing, and Asia has concluded their trading day. The U.S. markets open first in New York around 8:00 am Monday, as Europe winds down. Australia will take over around 5:00 pm, and by 7:00 pm Tokyo is ready to re-open.

All times are quoted in Eastern Standard Time (New York).

FX or Forex, currency trading is the trading of one currency against another. In terms of trading volume, the currency exchange market is the world’s largest market, with daily trading volumes in excess of $1.5 trillion US dollars. This is orders of magnitude larger than the bond or stock markets. The New York Stock Exchange, for example, has a daily trading volume of approximately $50 billion.

Currencies are traded for hedging and speculative purposes. Various market participants such as individuals, corporations, and institutions trade forex for one or both reasons.

Corporate treasurers, private individuals and investors have currency exposures during the the regular course of business. The FXTrade Platform is an ideal platform to hedge any such exposure. An investor, who has bought a European stock and expects the EUR exchange rate to decline, can hedge his currency exposure by selling the EUR against the USD.

Currency markets are ideally suited for speculative trading. The foreign exchange market has a daily volume in excess of 1.5 trillion USD, which is 50 times the size of the transaction volume of all the equity markets taken together. This makes the foreign exchange market, by far, the most liquid and efficient financial market of the world. Thanks to its efficiency, there is little or no slippage of market price for the execution of even large buy and sell orders. Traders are able to take advantage of intra-day volatility thanks to the low spreads and enter positions for short time periods, such as minutes and hours. Unlike equity trading, where restrictions limit a trader’s ability to profit from a market down turn, there are no such constraints on currency trading. Currency traders can take advantage of both up and down trends thus increasing their profit potential.

The most commonly traded currencies are: USD, EUR, JPY, GBP, CHF, CAD and AUD.

The most commonly traded currency pair is EUR/USD.

Forex Symbol Guide
Symbol Currency Pair Trading Terminology
GBP/USD British Pound / US Dollar “Cable”
EUR/USD Euro / US Dollar “Euro”
USD/JPY US Dollar / Japanese Yen “Dollar Yen”
USD/CHF US Dollar / Swiss Franc “Dollar Swiss”, or “Swissy”
USD/CAD US Dollar / Canadian Dollar “Dollar Canada”
AUD/USD Australian Dollar / US Dollar “Aussie Dollar”
EUR/GBP Euro / British Pound “Euro Sterling”
EUR/JPY Euro / Japanese Yen “Euro Yen”
EUR/CHF Euro / Swiss Franc “Euro Swiss”
GBP/CHF British Pound / Swiss Franc “Sterling Swiss”
GBP/JPY British Pound / Japanese Yen “Sterling Yen”
CHF/JPY Swiss Franc / Japanese Yen “Swiss Yen”
NZD/USD New Zealand Dollar / US Dollar “New Zealand Dollar” or “Kiwi”
USD/ZAR US Dollar / South African Rand “Dollar Zar” or “South African Rand”
GLD/USD Spot Gold “Gold”
SLV/USD Spot Silver “Silver”

CURRENCY PAIRS
All currencies are assigned an International Standards Organization (ISO) code abbreviation. In currency trading, these codes are often used to express which specific currencies make up a currency pair. For example, USD/JPY refers to two currencies: the US Dollar and the Japanese Yen.

SPOT FOREX
Spot foreign exchange is always traded as one currency in relation to another. So a trader who believes that the dollar will rise in relation to the Euro, would sell EUR/USD. That is, sell Euros and buy US dollars. The following is guide for quoting conventions:

What does it mean to be “long” or “short” a currency?
Being long means buying a currency. Being short means selling a currency.
If a trader goes long USD/JPY, he or she buys US Dollars and sells Japanese Yen. Buying a currency is synonymous with taking a long position in that currency. A trader takes a long position in a currency if he or she believes it will appreciate in value.
If a trader goes short USD/JPY, he or she sells US Dollars and buys Japanese Yen. Selling a currency is synonymous with shorting that currency. A trader would short a currency if he or she believes it will depreciate in value.

CURRENCY TRADING: BUYING AND SELLING CURRENCIES
All Forex trades result in the buying of one currency and the selling of another (currency trading), simultaneously.

Buying (”going long”) the currency pair implies buying the first, base currency and selling an equivalent amount of the second, quote currency (to pay for the base currency). It is not necessary to own the quote currency prior to selling, as it is sold short. A trader buys a currency pair if he/she believes the base currency will go up relative to the quote currency, or equivalently that the corresponding exchange rate will go up.

Selling (”going short”) the currency pair implies selling the first, base currency, and buying the second, quote currency. A trader sells a currency pair if he/she believes the base currency will go down relative to the quote currency, or equivalently, that the quote currency will go up relative to the base currency.

An open trade or position is one in which a trader has either bought or sold one currency pair and has not sold or bought back an adequate amount of that currency pair to effectively close the trade. When a trader has an open trade or position, he/she stands to profit or lose from fluctuations in the price of that currency pair.

Forex is the backbone of all international capital transactions. Compared to the slim profit margins rendered in other areas of commercial banking, huge profits are generally produced in a matter of minutes form minor currency market movements. Some banks generate 60% of their profits from trading currency aggressively.

Trading volume has been growing at a rate of 25% per year since the mid-1980s and therefore it is not difficult to accept the notion that the currency market is one of the world fastest growing industries. What used to require days to accomplish in Europe or Asia now oly takes a few minutes. Needless to say, technology has changed everything and millions of Dollars are moved from one currency into another every second of every day by major banks through computers and for the average investor, with the touch of a computer key.

Foreign exchange is the backbone of all international capital transactions. Compared to the slim profit margins rendered in other areas of commercial banking, huge profits are generally produced in a matter of minutes from minor currency options market movements. Some banks generate up to 60% of their profits from trading currency aggressively.

Transactions in foreign currencies take place when one country’s currency is purchased (exchanged) with another country’s currency. The price agreed upon or negotiated for the currency purchased is referred to as the foreign exchange rate. Major commercial banks in the money market centers throughout the world are responsible for the majority of foreign currencies bought and sold.

Trading volume has been growing at a rate of 25% per year since the mid-1980s and therefore it is not difficult to accept the notion that the currency options is the world’s fastest growing industry. What used to require days to accomplish in Europe or Asia now only takes a few minutes. Needless to say, technology has changed everything and millions of Dollars are moved from one currency into another every second of every day by major banks through computers and for the average investor, with the touch of a phone.

FOREX BASICS – What’s a PIP
A “pip” is the smallest increment in any currency pair. In EUR/USD, a movement from .8951 to .8952 is one pip, so a pip is .0001. In USD/JPY, a movement from 130.45 to 130.46 is one pip, so a pip is .01.

CALCULATING THE WORTH OF A PIP
How much in dollars is this movement worth, for example, per 10,000 Euros in EUR/USD? How much is one pip worth per 10,000 Dollars in USD/JPY? We will refer to the size, in this case 10,000 units of the base currency, as the “Notional Amount”. The formula for calculating a pip value is therefore:

(one pip, with proper decimal placement / currency exchange rate) x (Notional Amount)

Using USD/JPY as an example, this yields:

(.01/130.46) x USD 10,000 = $0.77 or 77 cents per pip

Using EUR/USD as an example, we have:

(.0001/.8942) x EUR 10,000 = EUR 1.1183

But we want the pip value in USD, so we then must multiply EUR 1.1183 x (EUR/USD exchange rate): EUR 1.1183 x .8942 = $1.00

This is in fact a phenomenon you will see with any currency in which the currency is quoted first (such as EUR/USD or GBP/USD): the pip value is always $1.00 per 10,000 currency units. This is why pip (or “tick”) values in currency futures, where the currency is quoted first, are always fixed.

Approximate pip values for the major currencies are as follows, per 10,000 units of the base currency:

USD/JPY: 1 pip = $.77 (i.e. a change from 130.45 to 130.46 is worth about $.77 per $10,000)

EUR/USD: 1 pip = $1.00 (.8941 to .8942 is worth $1.00 per 10,000 Euros)

GBP/USD: 1 pip = $1.00 (1.4765 to 1.4766 is worth $1.00 per 10,000 Pounds)

USD/CHF: 1 pip = $.59 (1.6855 to 1.6866 is worth $.59 per $10,000)

Spread
The spread is the difference between the price that you can sell currency at ( Bid) and the price you can buy currency at ( Ask). The spread on majors is usually 3 pips under normal market conditions.

Market Hours
The spot Forex market is unique to any other market in the world; trading 24-hours a day. Somewhere around the world a financial center is open for business and banks and other institutions exchange currencies every hour of the day and night, only stopping briefly on the weekend. Foreign exchange markets follow the sun around the world, giving traders the flexibility of determining their trading day and the ability to take advantage of global economic events.

FOREX or The Foreign exchange rate market is an international market where various currency exchange transactions take place; this is in the shape of simultaneously buying one currency and selling another. The most commonly traded currencies are referred to as Majors; over 85% of daily transactions on Forex trading involve the Majors. These seven currencies are the US Currency (Dollar, USD), Japanese Yen (JPY), Euro (EUR), British Pound (GBP), Swiss Franc (CHF), Canadian Dollar (CAD) and Australian Dollar (AUD). The Forex system in operation today was established in the 1970s when free currency exchange rates were introduced, this period also saw the US Dollar overtake the British Pound as the benchmark currency. Prior to this and in particular during World War II, exchange rate remained more stable.

Forex trading in simplest terms is the buying of one currency and the selling of another. Forex trading, also referred to, as FX is open to corporations, small businesses, commercial banks, investment funds and private individuals, it is the largest financial market in the world averaging a daily turnover of over $1 trillion dollars, making it a diverse and exciting market. It is a 24-hour market enabling it to accommodate constant changing world currency exchange rates . According to New York time, trading begins at 2.15pm on Sunday in Sydney and Singapore and progresses through to Tokyo at 7pm, London at 2am and reaches New York at 8am. This leaves investors free to respond to global political, economic and social events when they take place, day or night.

Unlike trading on the stock market, the forex market is not conducted by a central exchange, but on the interbank market, which is thought of as an OTC (over the counter) market. Trading takes place directly between the two counterparts necessary to make a trade, whether over the telephone or on electronic networks all over the world. The main centres for trading are Sydney, Tokyo, London, Frankfurt and New York. This worldwide distribution of trading centres means that the forex market is a 24-hour market.

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Is The FOREX The Market To Trade Your Way to

Is The FOREX The Market To Trade Your Way to Riches?

Ever watch the news and see the ending FOREX trades of the currency markets? They’re usually based on how individual currencies traded against the dollar. FOREX is the abbreviation for the Foreign Exchange market. FOREX is a market where the value of individual currencies from all over the world are traded. The currency market today began in the 1970s as currencies that were historically tied to the gold standard, or the price of gold, were decoupled and allowed to float.

So instead of a dollar having a gold based value, it’s value is now determined by the other currencies in the world. FOREX can be an investors paradise as it’s as close to a free trading market as you can get. Almost anyone can invest in FOREX because it’s simply the trading of 1 currency for another.

So how does this work? Let’s say that you believe the United States market is going to be suffering from inflation. That is, the value of the dollar, over the next year or so is going to go down….and all 100 dollars of your savings is in US dollars.
One way to trade the FOREX would be to trade your savings in dollars for a currency you believe will be more valuable or stable like the EURO as an example. For this example, let’s say one dollar is worth 2 Euros and remember this is an example only. So the trade is 100 US dollars for 200 European EUROS.

Next, let’s say your right and inflation does hit the US hard and the value of the dollar drops by 10%. Be aware that when talking about currency we’re talking not about the number of dollars and other currencies but the value of those currencies. That is, what it can buy or it’s actual worth.
So in our example, if you kept your savings in US dollars it would now be worth only 90% of the value it held last year. Because you have your savings in EUROS however and that market has remained stable, the VALUE of your savings has been protected. The reason is that the FOREX trading markets will adjust the value of the dollar because of the inflation and raise the value of the Euro appropriately. So in this example, a US dollar would be worth about 1.8 Euros.

To complete the example, your savings of 200 EUROS could be traded back into US dollars. Because of the inflation however and the value of the dollar went down so you can now trade your 200 EUROS for about 110 US dollars.

Almost anyone can invest in FOREX, and there are strategies for investors who look for long term and short term gains. For those of you who are interested in forex trading, the very first stop is to get some good training and understand the markets. Unlike the private markets where stocks, bonds and commodities are traded, FOREX is currency which belongs to the individual governments. Currency manipulations by governments is not uncommon, while decisions they make can dramatically change the value of their underlying currency.

While many people and currency dealers can make it sound easy, the only thing easy in making any investment is losing your money. It’s important to remember that currency dealers make their money through commissions and usually not on the investment they’re selling. The example we used above, although very simplistic, had a number of risk factors and additional costs we didn’t consider. Things like trading costs, and the assumption that one government held their currency completely stable, which is not usual, while another did not.

Many people involved with FOREX say a lot of money can be made trading currency. They’re correct of course, but you can also lose a lot of money also. So get training, learn the markets and trade smart.

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Forex Trading Is For The Serious Only

The keyword was FX. When I was studying to be an MBA in Information Systems and Finance, I came across the wondrous world of FX. Which is a fancy term for Foreign Exchange. Old timers keep insisting on calling it currency.

What I found specifically interesting about the forex market is the fact that some players must necessarily participate in them. Compare that to the stock market where everyone is a willing participant. In the marketplace for foreign exchange, there are players such as banks that need to participate, as they have to clear international deals and international currency transactions.

This creates a huge market of opportunity for the trader. Like in any moderately sophisticated trading floor, the objective remains the same: find deals that can rapidly be converted into winning positions, usually within the day. This need to square off within one day is especially felt as there is a serious cost of carry and that margins need to be marked to the market at the end of each trading day.

At this point of time, I must mention that in foreign currency markets, there is really no “end of a trading day.” As the earth rotates, there is someplace somewhere on the globe that is just encountering sunrise at any given point of time. All the same, there are a few major markets, London being at their center, where currency deals take place in the largest numbers.

Back to trading related discussion: foreign currency dealers are constantly on the lookout for situations where the pigs, i.e., people who must trade, will somehow subsidize their trade and help them turn a neat little profit. This piece of wishful thinking has made many a trader’s life unhappy, but at the same time, I know of dozens of rather disciplined trade-professionals who have built themselves a neat little fortune trading in these Dollars, and Pounds, and Yens, and Euros, and Rupees, and Cruzeros, and god alone knows what other currency.

And if the word dollar is very familiar, remember there are many dollars to contend with. Are we talking about the dollar from the United States of America? Or is it from the down under Australia? Or is it emblazoned with the roaring lion from Singapore?

As you can see figuring out the direction that a currency will take is not easy, primarily as it eludes the pedestrian logic that people will tend to use when stick picking. This does not mean that exchange rates cannot be forecasted. For instance, I am writing this article at the very end of 2007. I can bet that the Indian Rupee will continue to secularly rise against the US Dollar for the next few years, say at least for the next three years.

So, am I going to be rich? Well, the rise is going to be so little and over such a long period of time, that I will not be able to make any real trading opportunity based on my forecast. And if you are reading this, please note that I am not giving you professional advice, but rather, thinking aloud.

I hope that this article has given you some food for thought on forex trading.

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Forex Currency Trading Explained

FOREX MARKET HOURS
At 7:00 pm Sunday, New York time, trading begins as markets open in Tokyo, Japan. Next, Singapore and Hong Kong open at 9:00 pm EST, followed by the European markets in Frankfurt (2:00 am), and then London (3:00 am). By 4:00 am, the European markets are in full swing, and Asia has concluded their trading day. The U.S. markets open first in New York around 8:00 am Monday, as Europe winds down. Australia will take over around 5:00 pm, and by 7:00 pm Tokyo is ready to re-open.

All times are quoted in Eastern Standard Time (New York).

FX or Forex, currency trading is the trading of one currency against another. In terms of trading volume, the currency exchange market is the world’s largest market, with daily trading volumes in excess of $1.5 trillion US dollars. This is orders of magnitude larger than the bond or stock markets. The New York Stock Exchange, for example, has a daily trading volume of approximately $50 billion.

Currencies are traded for hedging and speculative purposes. Various market participants such as individuals, corporations, and institutions trade forex for one or both reasons.

Corporate treasurers, private individuals and investors have currency exposures during the the regular course of business. The FXTrade Platform is an ideal platform to hedge any such exposure. An investor, who has bought a European stock and expects the EUR exchange rate to decline, can hedge his currency exposure by selling the EUR against the USD.

Currency markets are ideally suited for speculative trading. The foreign exchange market has a daily volume in excess of 1.5 trillion USD, which is 50 times the size of the transaction volume of all the equity markets taken together. This makes the foreign exchange market, by far, the most liquid and efficient financial market of the world. Thanks to its efficiency, there is little or no slippage of market price for the execution of even large buy and sell orders. Traders are able to take advantage of intra-day volatility thanks to the low spreads and enter positions for short time periods, such as minutes and hours. Unlike equity trading, where restrictions limit a trader’s ability to profit from a market down turn, there are no such constraints on currency trading. Currency traders can take advantage of both up and down trends thus increasing their profit potential.

The most commonly traded currencies are: USD, EUR, JPY, GBP, CHF, CAD and AUD.

The most commonly traded currency pair is EUR/USD.

Forex Symbol Guide
Symbol Currency Pair Trading Terminology
GBP/USD British Pound / US Dollar “Cable”
EUR/USD Euro / US Dollar “Euro”
USD/JPY US Dollar / Japanese Yen “Dollar Yen”
USD/CHF US Dollar / Swiss Franc “Dollar Swiss”, or “Swissy”
USD/CAD US Dollar / Canadian Dollar “Dollar Canada”
AUD/USD Australian Dollar / US Dollar “Aussie Dollar”
EUR/GBP Euro / British Pound “Euro Sterling”
EUR/JPY Euro / Japanese Yen “Euro Yen”
EUR/CHF Euro / Swiss Franc “Euro Swiss”
GBP/CHF British Pound / Swiss Franc “Sterling Swiss”
GBP/JPY British Pound / Japanese Yen “Sterling Yen”
CHF/JPY Swiss Franc / Japanese Yen “Swiss Yen”
NZD/USD New Zealand Dollar / US Dollar “New Zealand Dollar” or “Kiwi”
USD/ZAR US Dollar / South African Rand “Dollar Zar” or “South African Rand”
GLD/USD Spot Gold “Gold”
SLV/USD Spot Silver “Silver”

CURRENCY PAIRS
All currencies are assigned an International Standards Organization (ISO) code abbreviation. In currency trading, these codes are often used to express which specific currencies make up a currency pair. For example, USD/JPY refers to two currencies: the US Dollar and the Japanese Yen.

SPOT FOREX
Spot foreign exchange is always traded as one currency in relation to another. So a trader who believes that the dollar will rise in relation to the Euro, would sell EUR/USD. That is, sell Euros and buy US dollars. The following is guide for quoting conventions:

What does it mean to be “long” or “short” a currency?
Being long means buying a currency. Being short means selling a currency.
If a trader goes long USD/JPY, he or she buys US Dollars and sells Japanese Yen. Buying a currency is synonymous with taking a long position in that currency. A trader takes a long position in a currency if he or she believes it will appreciate in value.
If a trader goes short USD/JPY, he or she sells US Dollars and buys Japanese Yen. Selling a currency is synonymous with shorting that currency. A trader would short a currency if he or she believes it will depreciate in value.

CURRENCY TRADING: BUYING AND SELLING CURRENCIES
All Forex trades result in the buying of one currency and the selling of another (currency trading), simultaneously.

Buying (”going long”) the currency pair implies buying the first, base currency and selling an equivalent amount of the second, quote currency (to pay for the base currency). It is not necessary to own the quote currency prior to selling, as it is sold short. A trader buys a currency pair if he/she believes the base currency will go up relative to the quote currency, or equivalently that the corresponding exchange rate will go up.

Selling (”going short”) the currency pair implies selling the first, base currency, and buying the second, quote currency. A trader sells a currency pair if he/she believes the base currency will go down relative to the quote currency, or equivalently, that the quote currency will go up relative to the base currency.

An open trade or position is one in which a trader has either bought or sold one currency pair and has not sold or bought back an adequate amount of that currency pair to effectively close the trade. When a trader has an open trade or position, he/she stands to profit or lose from fluctuations in the price of that currency pair.

Forex is the backbone of all international capital transactions. Compared to the slim profit margins rendered in other areas of commercial banking, huge profits are generally produced in a matter of minutes form minor currency market movements. Some banks generate 60% of their profits from trading currency aggressively.

Trading volume has been growing at a rate of 25% per year since the mid-1980s and therefore it is not difficult to accept the notion that the currency market is one of the world fastest growing industries. What used to require days to accomplish in Europe or Asia now oly takes a few minutes. Needless to say, technology has changed everything and millions of Dollars are moved from one currency into another every second of every day by major banks through computers and for the average investor, with the touch of a computer key.

Foreign exchange is the backbone of all international capital transactions. Compared to the slim profit margins rendered in other areas of commercial banking, huge profits are generally produced in a matter of minutes from minor currency options market movements. Some banks generate up to 60% of their profits from trading currency aggressively.

Transactions in foreign currencies take place when one country’s currency is purchased (exchanged) with another country’s currency. The price agreed upon or negotiated for the currency purchased is referred to as the foreign exchange rate. Major commercial banks in the money market centers throughout the world are responsible for the majority of foreign currencies bought and sold.

Trading volume has been growing at a rate of 25% per year since the mid-1980s and therefore it is not difficult to accept the notion that the currency options is the world’s fastest growing industry. What used to require days to accomplish in Europe or Asia now only takes a few minutes. Needless to say, technology has changed everything and millions of Dollars are moved from one currency into another every second of every day by major banks through computers and for the average investor, with the touch of a phone.

FOREX BASICS – What’s a PIP
A “pip” is the smallest increment in any currency pair. In EUR/USD, a movement from .8951 to .8952 is one pip, so a pip is .0001. In USD/JPY, a movement from 130.45 to 130.46 is one pip, so a pip is .01.

CALCULATING THE WORTH OF A PIP
How much in dollars is this movement worth, for example, per 10,000 Euros in EUR/USD? How much is one pip worth per 10,000 Dollars in USD/JPY? We will refer to the size, in this case 10,000 units of the base currency, as the “Notional Amount”. The formula for calculating a pip value is therefore:

(one pip, with proper decimal placement / currency exchange rate) x (Notional Amount)

Using USD/JPY as an example, this yields:

(.01/130.46) x USD 10,000 = $0.77 or 77 cents per pip

Using EUR/USD as an example, we have:

(.0001/.8942) x EUR 10,000 = EUR 1.1183

But we want the pip value in USD, so we then must multiply EUR 1.1183 x (EUR/USD exchange rate): EUR 1.1183 x .8942 = $1.00

This is in fact a phenomenon you will see with any currency in which the currency is quoted first (such as EUR/USD or GBP/USD): the pip value is always $1.00 per 10,000 currency units. This is why pip (or “tick”) values in currency futures, where the currency is quoted first, are always fixed.

Approximate pip values for the major currencies are as follows, per 10,000 units of the base currency:

USD/JPY: 1 pip = $.77 (i.e. a change from 130.45 to 130.46 is worth about $.77 per $10,000)

EUR/USD: 1 pip = $1.00 (.8941 to .8942 is worth $1.00 per 10,000 Euros)

GBP/USD: 1 pip = $1.00 (1.4765 to 1.4766 is worth $1.00 per 10,000 Pounds)

USD/CHF: 1 pip = $.59 (1.6855 to 1.6866 is worth $.59 per $10,000)

Spread
The spread is the difference between the price that you can sell currency at ( Bid) and the price you can buy currency at ( Ask). The spread on majors is usually 3 pips under normal market conditions.

Market Hours
The spot Forex market is unique to any other market in the world; trading 24-hours a day. Somewhere around the world a financial center is open for business and banks and other institutions exchange currencies every hour of the day and night, only stopping briefly on the weekend. Foreign exchange markets follow the sun around the world, giving traders the flexibility of determining their trading day and the ability to take advantage of global economic events.

FOREX or The Foreign exchange rate market is an international market where various currency exchange transactions take place; this is in the shape of simultaneously buying one currency and selling another. The most commonly traded currencies are referred to as Majors; over 85% of daily transactions on Forex trading involve the Majors. These seven currencies are the US Currency (Dollar, USD), Japanese Yen (JPY), Euro (EUR), British Pound (GBP), Swiss Franc (CHF), Canadian Dollar (CAD) and Australian Dollar (AUD). The Forex system in operation today was established in the 1970s when free currency exchange rates were introduced, this period also saw the US Dollar overtake the British Pound as the benchmark currency. Prior to this and in particular during World War II, exchange rate remained more stable.

Forex trading in simplest terms is the buying of one currency and the selling of another. Forex trading, also referred to, as FX is open to corporations, small businesses, commercial banks, investment funds and private individuals, it is the largest financial market in the world averaging a daily turnover of over $1 trillion dollars, making it a diverse and exciting market. It is a 24-hour market enabling it to accommodate constant changing world currency exchange rates . According to New York time, trading begins at 2.15pm on Sunday in Sydney and Singapore and progresses through to Tokyo at 7pm, London at 2am and reaches New York at 8am. This leaves investors free to respond to global political, economic and social events when they take place, day or night.

Unlike trading on the stock market, the forex market is not conducted by a central exchange, but on the interbank market, which is thought of as an OTC (over the counter) market. Trading takes place directly between the two counterparts necessary to make a trade, whether over the telephone or on electronic networks all over the world. The main centres for trading are Sydney, Tokyo, London, Frankfurt and New York. This worldwide distribution of trading centres means that the forex market is a 24-hour market.

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6 Advantages Of Trading Forex

Forex is the popular term for foreign exchange markets. The banks and brokerage firms are linked via electronic network to do business in the stock markets. The network allows them to convert currencies worldwide.

It became the chief and largest liquefied financial market around the globe. Take for instance, the volume of dollar currencies can rapidly increase in trillions of dollars within a day in currency markets. It even goes beyond the total volume of the total equities in the U.S. as well as future markets.

Forex trading is dominated often by commercial banks, investment banks, and government central banks. This is the main reason why many private investors are dealing on currency exchanges. They find it easier to access the market through technological innovations such as the internet.

It also provides the needed information in the stocks market regarding trading forex. The currencies which are widely traded include British Pound, US Dollar, Japanese Yen, Swiss Franc, Australian Dollar, and Canadian Dollar. Forex trading is done 5 days within a week and the traders can have constant access to various dealers all around the world. The trading does not mainly focus on any exchange or physical location and the transaction happens between two persons via electronic network or a phone line.

Forex trading has grown rapidly on the global market. The restrictions on the flow of capital have even been put off in various countries. This factor leads to market independence settling the forex rates on its perceived values. There are different reasons why forex trading is very popular. It include utmost liquidity, available leverage, lower trading costs.

There are different advantages of forex trading in the stock markets. Traders are making bigger sums of money by selling and buying foreign currencies. However, some people might ask of its advantages on the stock market.

1. Liquidity. Forex market can handle transactions even if it reaches 1.5 trillion dollars every day. Take note, this is a very large volume. It only denotes that sellers and buyers are always available regardless of the currency types. So, if the trader wanted to buy, there is always an available seller, and if the trader wanted to sell, there is always an available buyer.

2. There is no insider in the trading systems. Remember, constant value fluctuations of several currencies are caused by economic change. Some traders may obtain the information before others get it. So, they can sell or buy it within the stock markets. However, the nations economy is accessible to every trader so nobody can take an inside advantage to anyone.

3. It has accessibility. It is operational for five days within a week and accessible for twenty four hours. Trading can be made during this period.

4. It has more predictability. It always follow the market trends even the trends that are well established.

5. It can allow smaller investments. The potential traders can open mini accounts even for a few bucks of dollars. Forex trading has high leverage which is around 100:1. It only signifies that your assets can be controlled 100 times over your invested money.

6. It has no commissions. The forex trading brokers can earn money through setting their spreads where they weigh the process between selling and buying currencies.

Forex trading can be one of the best systems in day trading. Since it deals with currency trades, it can have the largest volumes of trading. Although it can be labeled as high risks trading systems, it can bring the traders higher returns within minutes.

However traders should be aware that forex trading needs a thorough research before starting it. Never confine yourself with only one source. Always make it a part of your plan to research first before engaging yourself in the real forex trading. It is not enough to know its advantages. As a trader, you need to clearly understand the systems involved in forex trading. It is helpful if you read the latest forums posted in the community boards.

It is also important to find the best forex trading systems. In this manner, you can incorporate a course, software, or method developed by forex trading experts. Take note, there are various system types that are available. It is important to find the right system that will fit in your goals in the industry of trading forex to achieve success.

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